Scottish Surnames of Clan Scott – Origins, Tartans and Clan History

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Does your surname trace to Scott, Laidlaw, or Geddes? If so, you carry the blood of one of Scotland’s most powerful Border clans. Clan Scott held the wild country around the River Tweed for centuries. They were fighters, landowners, and — in the case of Sir Walter Scott — one of Scotland’s greatest storytellers. This guide covers the Scottish surnames of Clan Scott, their origins, the clan’s tartans, and the ancestral lands in the Scottish Borders where your ancestors once lived.

The Origins of Clan Scott

The Scott name appears in Scottish records as early as 1120. A man named Uchtred filius Scot witnessed the foundation charter of Selkirk Abbey that year. His sons split into two main lines. Richard became the ancestor of the Scotts of Buccleuch. Michael became the ancestor of the Scotts of Balweary.

The name Scott likely comes from the Latin word Scoti. Medieval writers used that word to describe Gaelic-speaking people from Ireland and the western sea coasts of Scotland. Over time, it became a hereditary surname in the Borders. It spread through the region as the family grew in power and influence.

The clan motto is Amo — Latin for “I Love”. The crest is a stag. The clan chief today is the Duke of Buccleuch, one of the most powerful noble families in Scotland. The current chief, Richard Scott, holds the title as the 10th Duke of Buccleuch.

The Scottish Surnames of Clan Scott

The surnames below all carry historical ties to Clan Scott. If your family tree includes any of these names, the Scottish Borders is likely your ancestral homeland.

Scott / Scot

Scott is the main clan surname. Both spellings are correct and appear in historical records. The older form, Scot, appears in medieval documents. The spelling Scott became more common after the 17th century. Today, Scott ranks among the 50 most common surnames in the United States, Canada, and Australia.

Laidlaw

The Laidlaw family is one of the oldest septs of Clan Scott. They held land around Laidlawstiel on the River Yarrow in Selkirkshire. The name likely comes from an old word meaning “road on the hill”. William Laidlaw later became a close friend and personal secretary to Sir Walter Scott in the 19th century. The two men worked together for many years at Abbotsford.

Geddes

The Geddes family carried ties to Clan Scott through long-standing Border alliances. The name comes from a place in Nairnshire in northern Scotland. Several Geddes branches settled in the Borders region and aligned with the Scotts across generations. If your ancestry includes the Geddes name, the Scottish Borders is worth investigating.

Langlands

The Langlands family took their name from their lands in Roxburghshire. They were a minor sept with deep roots in the Scottish Borders. The name means “long lands” in Old English — a reference to the shape of a particular land holding. The family worked and lived within the territory the Scotts controlled.

Harden

The Scotts of Harden were a junior branch of the clan. They held Harden Tower near Hawick in Roxburghshire. Harden became famous through Auld Wat of Harden (c.1550–1629), one of the most notorious Border Reivers of his age. Sir Walter Scott, the novelist, descended directly from the Harden line. The Harden branch carried the clan’s spirit into literature and legend.

Buccleuch

Buccleuch is the name of the main branch of the clan rather than a separate family. It comes from a place in Selkirkshire — the name means “valley of the buck”. The Scotts of Buccleuch became Earls and then Dukes. Their descendants still lead the clan today and remain one of Scotland’s most powerful noble families.

The Clan Scott Tartans

Clan Scott has two main tartans. The Scott Hunting tartan uses muted greens, blues, and browns. These colours match the Borders landscape of rolling hills and river valleys. The Scott Dress tartan is brighter, with red running through the pattern alongside the darker tones.

Both tartans are recorded with the Scottish Register of Tartans. If you carry a Scott surname, you can wear either tartan. Some members of the Buccleuch branch also wear the Buccleuch tartan, which the ducal family has used for many generations. Choosing a tartan is a personal decision — there are no strict rules on which pattern a clan member must wear.

If you plan to visit Scotland and explore your clan heritage, our Scottish heritage trip planning guide can help you make the most of every day in Scott country.

The Scotts of Buccleuch

The Scotts of Buccleuch built their power through land, marriage, and military service. Sir Michael Scott of Buccleuch fought alongside Robert the Bruce in the Wars of Scottish Independence during the early 14th century. That loyalty gave the Scotts a firm place in the new kingdom. It was a bond that paid off for generations.

By the late 15th century, the chief could call on a thousand armed men. The clan held Branxholme Castle near Hawick as their main stronghold. The castle still stands today, privately owned by the Buccleuch family. It remains a powerful symbol of the clan’s long hold over this part of Scotland.

The Scotts became Lords of Buccleuch in 1606. The earldom followed in 1619. Through a series of marriages, the earldom merged with the Dukedom of Monmouth and later with the Dukedom of Queensberry. Today, Richard Scott is the 10th Duke of Buccleuch and 12th Duke of Queensberry.

The Duke of Buccleuch is the largest private landowner in the United Kingdom. His family owns over 200,000 acres across Scotland and England. Bowhill House near Selkirk and Drumlanrig Castle in Dumfriesshire are two of the family’s principal Scottish homes.

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The Scotts of Harden

The Scotts of Harden were the junior branch of the clan. They held Harden Tower in the hills above Hawick. Unlike the Buccleuch line, they were known more for raiding than for politics or grand estates.

Auld Wat of Harden (c.1550–1629) was the most famous figure of this branch. He raided cattle across the Borders and deep into northern England. His exploits passed into local legend. He married Mary Scott of Dryhope — known as the Flower of Yarrow — and the pair became figures of romance in the old Border ballads.

Sir Walter Scott (1771–1832) traced his descent directly from Auld Wat’s line. He grew up hearing Border ballads and clan stories. Those tales shaped everything he wrote. His novels — Waverley, Rob Roy, and Ivanhoe — gave the world its image of Scotland as a land of romance, history, and wild beauty. No single person did more to put Scotland on the map.

Scott built Abbotsford House on the River Tweed near Melrose, and lived there until his death. The house is now open to visitors. Walking through it feels like stepping into the mind of the man who invented modern Scotland’s image.

Clan Scott and the Border Reivers

For three centuries, the Scottish Borders were a lawless frontier. England and Scotland both claimed the land. Neither fully controlled it. Into that gap stepped the Border Reivers — families who lived by raiding cattle, seizing rivals, and burning farmsteads on both sides of the border.

Clan Scott was one of the most powerful Reiver clans. They operated across Selkirkshire and Roxburghshire. They raided south into Northumberland and Cumbria. Other Border clans — including the Armstrongs, the Elliots, and their longtime rivals, the Kerrs — raided in return. The feud between the Scotts and the Kerrs in particular lasted generations.

The Reivers gave English several words we still use today. “Blackmail” comes from the Scots word mail (rent), paid to Reivers to avoid raids. “Bereaved” traces back to the act of being robbed. “Slogan” comes from the Gaelic battle cry — sluagh-ghairm — that Reiver clans shouted to tell friend from foe in a fight.

The Reiver era ended around 1610. King James VI united the Scottish and English crowns. The Border became an internal boundary rather than a war zone. Many Reiver families faced prosecution and forced relocation. Some Scotts joined other families in a move to Ulster as part of the Plantation of Ireland.

The Scott Diaspora — Where Scott Families Settled

Scott is one of the most common surnames in the English-speaking world. It sits among the top 50 surnames in the United States, Canada, and Australia. Large Scott communities exist in New Zealand too. Most trace their roots to the Scottish Borders.

Many Scots left the Borders in the 17th century, during and after the Reiver clearances. Others left during the hard times of the 18th and 19th centuries. Some emigrated by choice, looking for better land and opportunity. Others were transported as convicted prisoners after the Jacobite risings.

The Borders did not suffer the Highland Clearances in the same way as the north. But agricultural improvement in the late 18th century still displaced many tenant farmers. Families who had worked the same land for generations lost their tenancies as landlords switched to sheep farming. Many boarded ships at Leith or Greenock.

They settled in Virginia, the Carolinas, Ontario, and Queensland. They carried their clan identity with them. Scott family societies exist today across North America, Australia, and New Zealand. If you want to start tracing your own branch of the family, our guide to researching Scottish ancestry explains exactly where to look.

Where to Visit Scott Country Today

The Scottish Borders hold some of Scotland’s finest heritage sites. If you have Scott ancestry, these places connect you to the land your ancestors knew.

Abbotsford House, Melrose

Sir Walter Scott built Abbotsford on the banks of the River Tweed near Melrose. He filled it with historical artefacts, suits of armour, and clan relics he collected over a lifetime. He lived here from 1812 until his death in 1832. The house is open to the public and the walled gardens are peaceful. You can plan your full visit as part of our 7-day Scottish ancestry itinerary.

Branxholme Castle, near Hawick

The Scotts of Buccleuch held Branxholme Castle as their main seat for centuries. The castle dates from the 16th century. It is still privately owned by the Buccleuch family and not open to visitors in the usual sense. But you can see it from the road south of Hawick. It stands solid and proud in the Borders landscape — a clear sign of the clan’s lasting presence here.

Bowhill House, near Selkirk

Bowhill is one of the Buccleuch family’s principal homes in Scotland. It holds a remarkable art collection with works by Gainsborough, Canaletto, and Leonardo da Vinci. The estate grounds are open regularly. The house opens to the public during summer months. The setting — rolling Borders hills around the River Ettrick — is deeply beautiful.

Hawick

Hawick sits at the heart of Scott country in Roxburghshire. The town’s Common Riding each June celebrates the Border heritage of defending local land and livestock. Hawick Museum holds strong collections on Border history and the Reiver period. The Douglas clan, another powerful Borders family, also held lands near here for centuries.

ScotlandsPeople Centre, Edinburgh

To trace your Scott ancestry through official records, start at ScotlandsPeople. The Old Parish Records (OPRs) for Selkirkshire and Roxburghshire go back several centuries. You can search online at scotlandspeople.gov.uk or visit the centre in Edinburgh. The records of births, marriages, deaths, and emigration from this region are some of the most complete in Scotland.

Frequently Asked Questions About Clan Scott

What are the septs of Clan Scott?

The main septs and associated surnames of Clan Scott include Scott, Scot, Laidlaw, Geddes, Langlands, and Harden. These families lived and worked within the Scott clan’s territory in the Scottish Borders for generations. If your family tree carries any of these surnames, you likely share ancestral ties to the clan.

What is the Clan Scott tartan?

Clan Scott has two main tartans — the Scott Hunting tartan and the Scott Dress tartan. The Hunting tartan uses greens, blues, and browns. The Dress tartan adds red to the pattern. Both are recorded with the Scottish Register of Tartans. Any person with a Scott surname can wear either one.

Who is the current chief of Clan Scott?

Richard Scott, the 10th Duke of Buccleuch and 12th Duke of Queensberry, is the current chief of Clan Scott. His family is among the largest private landowners in the United Kingdom, holding over 200,000 acres across Scotland and England. Bowhill House near Selkirk is one of his principal Scottish homes.

Was Sir Walter Scott part of Clan Scott?

Yes. Sir Walter Scott (1771–1832) descended from the Scotts of Harden, a junior branch of the clan. He grew up in the Scottish Borders and spent much of his adult life at Abbotsford near Melrose. His novels — Waverley, Rob Roy, and Ivanhoe — made Scotland famous as a travel destination and shaped how the world sees Scottish history and identity.

Where did Clan Scott originate?

Clan Scott came from the Scottish Borders, in the area now known as Selkirkshire and Roxburghshire. The first recorded mention of the Scott name dates to 1120, when Uchtred filius Scot witnessed the foundation of Selkirk Abbey. The clan built its power in this region over the following centuries and became one of the strongest Border clans by the late 15th century.

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